Saturday, June 23, 2012

Understanding how relationships are built

I am curious about all things measurable and observable in the world, no matter how taboo or less understood.  In fact the more taboo, the less understood, the higher my interest in many cases.

One of the new frontiers of understanding is the way in which individuals make decisions about other people. This practice has been ongoing since the beginning of social human behaviour, and it still a very qualitative subject.  The human mind relies on instinct and subconscious guidance for these kinds of judgements without full awareness of the algorithm used by their mind.  For me I would like to understand these processes in more detail, and actively seek out reading material that explains the process in a measured way.

There are several scenarios in life in which we evaluate people for decisions we need to take on how much of our resources such as our time we will invest together with them or on their behalf. 

1. The strangers we meet that may become friends, either at a bar, or a social gathering.
2. Our employers and as a correlary our employees (for hiring managers). 
3. The merchants, service staff, and other paid employees that we interface as a customer
4. Government officials, judges, police, and figures of authority
5. Professors, teachers, and mentors
6. Family
7. Our potential sexually intimate partners

I feel that if one understands fully one of these specific relationships, one can start to understand the rest, because they all share the same basic mechanism of evaluating people.  The outcomes of how we make decisions for each of these scenarios will have varying levels of impact on our lives, and the lives of others. 

One day I had a conversation with a friend about how the real estate market works in Singapore, and they commented that a lot has to do with the net immigration rate, and that it boils down to a simple matter of changes over time of m2 and warm bodies. This was interesting to me for a few reasons

1. Singapore is not unique, a lot of cities around the world look at their real estate markets in a similar way.
2. Growth in other markets may also have a straightforward relationship with net immigration, particularly if it is then broken down by skill sets, industry, or other sub-categories of immigrant demographics
3. Immigration rates have other interesting political and economic implications for cities, and any improvements in understanding the underlying forces that drive immigration can provide valuable insight into the less understood world of macroeconomics and sources of growth for societies. "Foot voting" is the most powerful signal that we can send as either approval or disapproval for either a relationship, or a city.

Because of my interest in immigration, and due to the fact that I have been stuck in social situations where I am obliged to have chit chat with people, I have asked individuals many times the stories of how they came to arrive at a migration decision, and I find that two explanations always come up

1. Job
2. Lover


The following other three sometimes come up, but not as frequently or passionately.
 
3. Education
4. Family
5. Friends
6. Business investment opportunity
7. Something else specific to the city

Job, Education, and investment opportunities seem to be something that we have a lot of statistics on, and possible to measure and forecast future migration movements and assume that all the rest immeasurable forces are something like white noise and that all placed have equal pressures and magically cancel out without any net forces pointing in one direction or another.

While listening to actual stories though, it seemed like they fell into an interesting and familiar pattern that the final decision to go or stay hinged on some outcome relating to a lover.  In some cases it seemed like the pressures may be from 1-7, but the thing that tips into action frequently originates from the Lover dimension, so maybe this area of people's life acts as a catalyst for action and drives major life decisions and affects entire economies, but it remains deeply buried in the world of the immesurable.

Is this irrational?

Just as a plant must balance its energy & protein resources between sometimes conflicting agendas of survival and reproduction, so humans must also do the same balancing act.  No longer do most of us live as hunter gatherers where not being eaten by a lion or starving with no berries to eat are serious threats to survival, but reproductive success is a challenge that will never go away, no matter how advanved technologically our society gets, we will always feel the pressure of competition for optimizing our reproductive success.  How we respond to the pressure is our choice, but the pressure will always be there.  What does success look like? Two parts, successful children, and attractive sexual partners. By "attraction" there are many dimensions aside from physical, and it is the overal rating that drives our decisions.
What I find fascinating is how people balance this part of their life with the part that we are normally allowed to talk about with them. 

How do we balance our agendas and resources for achieving success in work, investments, and career with achieving success in reproduction -- Family & Lovers? What influences how we shift our attention, and does it change over time and with context? Are there things we can do to control it at individual level and population levels?

My believe is that even more fundamental than time, the basic limited unit resource in the world is attention.
You can spend hours staring at a blank wall while your mind is on auto-pilot daydreaming in what psychologists call self-referential thought, which doesn't really do anything interesting, or you could be as attentive as an air-traffic controller in the middle of a thunderstorm. The difference is that although the time duration was the same, the level of attention committed was very different.  We all know what it feels like to hit the limits of our attention, and the painful meaning of only being able to pay attention to one particular item at a time.  So given this precious scarce resource called attention, it is interesting when I hear that it is normal for people to think about sex reguarly every day, and I wonder exactly to what extend this has on productivity at work, and as an extention macroeconomic observations of the boom & bust cycle. To what extend does it interfere?  Is there a hidden boom & bust global reproduction effort index that is exactly and oppositely paired with the boom & bust of GDP growth?

So then what is in the black box of the process behind how people optimize their (conscious or subconscious) reproductive goals.  How do they evaluate potential sexual partners, how do they raise their children, and how do they balance these activities with other parts of their lives.

To answer these questions one must start with some measurements, and few seem comfortable talking openly and honestly about how these processes REALLY work, as opposed to how we wish they would work. I don't mind to be the first to start, and hopefully there may be others that will feel the same interest as me, and share their views on what they see happening in the world of human reproduction. I also enjoy book recommendations and publications that touch on these topics.

As an example, here is my evaluation criteria for a relationship partner. I am very curious to see the equivalent from a female, and as critically honest as possible.  Ideally it matches how they actually decide on past lovers, rather than how they would like to believe they would decide on future lovers.

I have given some thought into my own process and by design it is simple, objective and effective as possible, although I'm always open to improvements. I have summarized into seven basic dimensions -listed in the order of when I can determine them starting from the first encounter with the person, not necessarily in order of importance. To the left I have added a weighting factor, although in all honesty I really am not sure about the weighting factor 1 (high)-4 (low) as much as I am about the time taken for evaluation and the general category descriptions. I would also guess that weighting factors shift and change widely through life circumstances and over time.
___________________________________________________________________________
Dimensions of attraction

2 Physical attraction - 0-5 min
healthy, youthful, toned, smooth, big and enchanting eyes, I will not go into a lot of detail because I find that my pattern of physical attraction matches the average patterns in the wide body of literature on this topic.

3 Conversation chemistry - 1- 4 hrs
The kinds of people that would read this blog up to this point would normally get passing marks. This dimension is a combination of creativity and appreciation for pensive reflection, common shared experience, interest, and values help but are not a pre-requisite.

1 Sexual intimacy - 1-3 months
An important dimension of the relationship. Just as dancing is best when you don't look at your feet this one shines the most when it's not under a microscope. Often times the best partners are the ones that are completely secure with themselves. I am very suprised at how widely varying the outcomes can come in this dimension. The bedroom is a very mysterious place.

2 Patient ambition - 1-3 month
Where are you going? What are you doing? Why do you care? Have some purpose in life and passionate energy to live it to fufillment, but don't be hasty and miss the opportunities that only come from careful attention and tenacious perserverence. This dimension seems to be linked to 1. Locus of control (general confidence in life) 2. Aggressiveness & risk taking tendancies, which may have a genetic component. This dimension is often correlated with academic and professional suceess, as well as with qualities found in your parents.

2 Interest - 2-6 months
Figuring this out is what some call "The Game" an unfortunate but necessary evil. At some point later in a relationship when love has entered the picture this drops off along with the whole evaluating process altogether, but until that happens I do take into consideration whether the lover is willing to move to Timbuktu for me, or if they would rather I would move there and leave them behind :P.  I stress that this dimension cannot be the only evaluation criteria, because it is inevitable that interest and approval will go through boom & bust, and it cannot be the only factor that holds a relationship together.  Something about the other person must draw you to them other than the recursive property that they are also drawn to you.

3 Teamwork - 3-9 months
Who's running the show? Ideally it's a give and take and overall it should feel like a smooth dance. There is a tendancy for roles to fall into their natural gender specific positions although there are plenty of exceptions. So long as it feels comfortable and not strained or disengaged. I read an interesting article in "Blink" about a professor called Gottman who was able to predict with 95% accuracy whether a couple would stay together 15 years later. He analyzed how they behaved in a 15 minute window and found that from this 15 minute slot, he could characterize their relationship into two basic categories, contempt-defense, or mutual affirmation, and in the first, there is a repeating pattern of negative reinforcement, and in the second, there is a parttern of positive reinforcement.  His theory is that these patterns are static, and largely do not change over the course of the relationship. To me this insight is profound, and may have very interesting consequences for the topic of relationships as a science.

3 Integrity - 6-12 months
Do you say what you mean and mean what you say? How honest are you with yourself and others, even those that are most distant from you, even those that could be considered your advisary? How carefully do you consider the global impact of your decisions, and not just how they affect you? Are your actions the same in public as they are when no one is watching? This one takes the longest to judge, if considered thoroughly, and is also the rarest quality to find at the mastery level. This is a quality I can always find room for improvement in-- for myself as well as in my peers. My feeling is that major decisions about breakups should consider this factor.

Tuesday, August 10, 2010

Who am I and what do I want?

Taylor

Push me to the edge

Have you ever watched an ant in a petry dish? He spends almost his entire time at the edges, reassuring himself he has tested the limits of his surrounding and can rest assured that he has exhausted all of the opportunity of his circumstance.

I live by a set of core principles that are always under a cycle of reflection and re-evaluation, but have become more solidified as I mature my life experience.  Integrity by matching word with action is paramount.  Keeping the most critical eye on myself first, and then others to ensure that what people get from me is the most refined and cultivated version possible.  To live life without fear of death and to learn to enjoy the beauty in constructive pain are two liberating skills that bring a whole new level of fufillment from life. I'm not a fan of the golden rule but a modified version of it -- Do unto others as they would have done to themselves.  The original version leads to really bad Christmas gifts.

If anything is worth spending your time on in life why not give it 110%? I may not produce results for every task I set my heart to, but my audience should rarely attribute my failure to insufficiency energy investment.  Value your time, and don't waste it wavering on decisions that have insignificant consequences.  Do make an effort to find the objective rational basis for important decisions, and try to figure out how to arrive there in a time efficient fashion.

Learn to love the beauty of reality, statistics, bad behavior, and accepting with humble skepticism that there is plenty we don't know now and can't know using only the limited perspective of our individual consciousness.

Extract the most of the sensual pleasures and enchanting sights, sounds, tastes, smells and textures and emotions you can feel in this world.  The best are usually the ones you can't put on 20' sea container from China.  The smell of freshly ground coffee, the sight of a sunrise from a rocky precipice overlooking the ocean, the citrusy fragrence of fresh cilantro, the exploding resonance of fireworks in Victoria Harbour, the familiar fit of an old pair of jeans, the rush of joy from finding something precious which was long ago mourned as lost-- and of course, the wonderful combination of sensations that comes with the passionate embrace with a lover.

I enjoy hanging out with people with similar interests, and good conversationalists. I enjoy people who look at things on a deeper level. I enjoy dining and cooking, and all kinds of drinking activities (ex: fine wine, coffee, exotic beers..). I also enjoy travel, the farther and more exotic, the better!

Saturday, May 9, 2009

Petition to keep the Federal Family Education Loan Program

Petition:

The President's FY 2010 Budget proposal would eliminate the Federal Family Education Loan Program, effective July 1, 2010.  At that time all new federal student and parent loans would be made by the Federal Direct Loan Program. Approximately 4,400 schools would have to switch programs. We invite financial aid professionals, parents, students, student loan professionals and concerned citizens to sign the following petition:  

We, the undersigned, respectfully urge the Congress to preserve choice and competition in the federal student loan program. Competition between lenders that make federally guaranteed loans and competition between the two major federal student loan programs have led to significant and continuous improvements in service levels and quality and borrower benefits that reduce loan costs for students and parents.

Therefore, we urge Congress not to accept the Administration's Budget proposal to eliminate the Federal Family Education Loan Program and to work on a bipartisan basis to preserve a stronger private sector-based federal student loan program that 

Provides student and parent borrowers a meaningful choice of lenders,

Offers postsecondary institutions a meaningful choice of student loan delivery and servicing

Offers borrowers and postsecondary institutions the wide array of delinquency, financial literacy and default prevention programs that promote responsible borrowing and repayment and minimize defaults.

Taylor W. Hickem's personal statement on the issue:

My experience with student loans, federal and private, is that the private loans hands down offer better service in terms of interest rates, customer service, application process, and flexibility of loan terms. I do not enjoy dealing with the inefficiency of the federal loan process, with their non-functioning website that directs users to their phone service, and wait times on the phone service of up to 20 min. 

Competition is the force that breeds quality. 

For clarification, education is a public issue, and federal tax dollars should be spent on lowering the risk associated with investing in higher education. There are better ways to do that then managing the financing of these loans through the federal agencies. 

There is nothing wrong with continuing to federally subsidize interest rates on private student loans, or alternatively to federally fund credit default protection insurance contracts for the lenders to reduce the risk associated with issuing unsecured loans to prospective and current college students. 

The governments primary responsibility is to reduce the risk and encourage education funding from the private sector, not to administer the financing themselves. 

The government is not a financial institution, this is not its core function. This is a waste of taxpayer money, and an inefficient way of funding higher education.

Monday, April 13, 2009

Sen. Mel Martinez stance on travel to Cuba softens

Mel softens his stance, good guy = )

Source:
http://martinez.senate.gov/public/?p=NewsReleases&ContentRecord_id=a6628754-6332-426d-95eb-2385036bfdc6

April 13, 2009

Statement on Obama Administration Change to Cuba Policy

WASHINGTON - U.S. Senator Mel Martinez (R-FL) today made the following statement in response to President Obama's announcement to ease family travel restrictions to Cuba and relax family-to-family remittances sent to the country.

Martinez said:

"The announcement today is good news for Cuban families separated by the lack of freedom in Cuba. Likewise the change in remittances should provide help to families in need. Given these changes will benefit the regime in Havana, it would be wise in the implementation to place some reasonable limits on this type of travel and the amounts that can be sent to Cuba.

"The President has expressed his commitment to freedom - libertad - for the Cuban people, and policy implementation should advance that objective. To this end, the Administration is right to call on the Cuban government to end the onerous charge of 20 percent on remittances. Lowering remittance charges and allowing travel for Cuban families wishing to see relatives abroad are two steps the Cuban regime could immediately take that would show change in Havana."


compare this statement to just a few weeks ago

March 31, 2009

Statement on Legislation Promoting U.S. Tourist Travel to Cuba

WASHINGTON - U.S. Senator Mel Martinez (R-FL) issued the following statement today in response to the reintroduction of legislation to promote U.S. tourist travel to Cuba.

"This is the time to support pro-democracy activists in Cuba, not provide the Castro regime with a resource windfall. Changing travel restrictions for U.S. citizens will simply allow Americans to contribute to the resources available to the Castro regime to perpetuate its repression. My fellow senators should be standing in solidarity and showing support for the 11 million Cubans who are suffering under the Cuban regime, instead of making it easier for Americans to vacation in Cuba.

"The behavior of the current Cuba government of Raul Castro continues to underscore its repressive nature. 54 of the 75 peaceful activists arrested in the ‘black spring' crackdown of 2003 remain in prison. Their only ‘crime' was trying to exercise their civil and political rights. Jorge Luis Garcia, ‘Antunez,' has now reached his 43rd day of a hunger strike asking for justice for and an end to the torture of political prisoners as well as for the right of Cubans to publish human rights commitments made to the United Nations by the regime. My fellow senators should be supporting these individuals and all Cubans struggling for basic human rights.

"I continue to oppose this legislation that unilaterally changes our policy toward Cuba but asks the oppressors for nothing in return."

Friday, April 10, 2009

Letter to Senator Mel Martinez

To Sen. Mel Martinez,

Hello Senator, my name is Taylor W. Hickem, and I am a constituent from Delray Beach, FL. I am writing to recommend that you support HR 874 "Freedom to Travel to Cuba" to show your support for change in a legacy of infringement of basic human right to travel and pursuit of happiness on US and Cuban citizens for almost 50 years. I am also speaking on behalf of my Cuban American friends, who are ready for change, and are tired of a US infringement on their freedom of travel.

I am an engineer and a global citizen, and have traveled to over 20 different countries, including Cuba. Having spent my childhood in Florida, I am aware of the stereotypical characteristics of a tourist; with their suntan lotion, wallets, unfamiliarity with local customs, and of course, their cameras. While these are the stereotypes that I'm sure you were referring to in your comment, "Having tourists on Cuban beaches is not going to achieve democratic change in Cuba," there is more to tourism than just beaches.

A "Tourist" Visa, is simply, the "No particluar reason" Visa. When you apply for a visa, and you have not given any prior thought, or reason for your visit, you check the "Tourist" box. This can be because you are there for pleasure only and not business or diplomacy, or that you do not intend to give away any more information as to the nature of your visit. It's also a polite gesture of the host country that they are happy to welcome you, without preconditions.

By experience I have found that travel is one of the principal mechanisms by which people and cultures exchange information and ideas and build trust.

If you do not believe me, just ask any project manager about the difference between face-to-face meetings and teleconferences. Every year companies spend billions of dollars flying their employees around the world because they recognize the significance of face-to-face collaboration. Without face to face interaction, groups of people become mistrusting, and lose the ability to communicate and empathize on a personal level.

For Cuba, tourism is undoubtedly making a positive impact on their economy, and the lives of everyday Cuba citizens. Take Rene, for example, the host of my casa particular (hostel, in tourist-speak). Rene is handicapped, and so his opportunities in the workforce are limited, but he does run a hostel for tourists out of his home, where he has an opportunity to earn a living and enjoy the fruits of his labor. In addition to revenue from hostels like his, money from other parts of the tourism industry such as restaurants gets reinvested into the community through public-private partnerships like the Habanaguanex S.A. project. The Habanaguanex project has done a remarkable job of both bringing economic growth to the impoverished area of Habana Vieja, and also to promote by examples, the benefit of free-market capitalism.

You mentioned that you are concerned about the Cuban government's record on human rights violations. Are there human rights violations comitted by the Cuban government on their people?Absolutely.

Cuban residents do not enjoy nearly the same economic freedoms enjoyed by residents of Hong Kong, or Singapore, which are much better examples of societies which have embraced free-market capitalism. A Cuban worker may see up to 50% of his pay sent to the government to promote social programs such as universal healthcare and education. They also are not as free to speak out about their government, a priveledge that I'm sure many free citizens aroud the world take for granted.

This lack of adherence to human rights by the Cuban government is not a justifiable reason to impose on US citizens right to travel, or to refuse to maintain any form of diplomatic and trade relations with Cuba.

If you were to truly believe that the current US position on Cuba is the appropriate way to deal with human rights violations, then I challenge you to propose a bill to end all diplomatic, travel, and trade relations with China, Liberia, Sudan, Zimbabwe, Myanmar, Saudi Arabia, and all other countries with poor human rights record. It is also hyocritical of the U.S. to tout adherence to free-market capitalism, when the US government will be spending almost 2/3 of it's taxpayers money on socialist entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare in 2010, with much of those programs being subsidized by debt from China, a communist country with a poor record of human rights and free speech.

The actions of Fidel Castro and other in the 1959 Cuban Revolution were certainly wrong by any absolute standard. They robbed good standing Cuban citizens of their wealth, and imprisoned those who opposed their regime. I am from South Florida, and have many friends who are Cuban Americans, and have heard the stories that I'm sure you have heard from your Cuban American constituents who were victims of the revolution.

While these victims do harbor ill feelings towards the Castro regime, they also have compassion, and a true desire to heal those wounds, and reconnect with family they left decades ago. My Cuban American friends support lifting the travel ban, and will see you as a leader in their community if you look not for ways to engage in hostile threats and embargos, but by giving US citizens the opportunity to freely speak to the residents in Cuba about how the US and Cuba can benefit from a new relationship. America also have a tremendous opportunity to lead by example by showing the Cuban administration how free-market capitalism can help them, through projects like the Habanaguanex restoration.

I have spoken with the Cuban citizens in Cuba, and Cuban US citizens, and they are both ready for a renewed cooperative relationship, but before any real democratic change can happen in Cuba, the US travel restrictions must be lifted, and "the fist has to unclench".

A report on the Habanaguanex restoration project: Winners and Losers in restoring old Havana, Joseph L. Scarpaci, Jr.
http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/cb/cuba/asce/cuba10/scarpaci.pdf

Tourist provide eyewitness account of the Chinese crackdown in Tibet
http://www.wibw.com/nationalnews/headlines/16681301.html

Freedom of Travel, a fundamental human right.

Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

Article 13 Universial Declaration of Human Rights
http://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html

Pursuit of happiness, an unalienable right to all men

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal,
that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,
that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness

Declaration of Independence
http://www.ushistory.org/Declaration/document/index.htm

--
Taylor Weston Hickem
taylor.hickem@gmail.com
404 625 9192

Wednesday, February 18, 2009

Chinese = black (according to South Africa)

"In a landmark ruling the Pretoria High Court accepted the Chinese as a “previously disadvantaged” group. This means that – at least in legal terms – Chinese South Africans will now be included in the definition of black people in legislation covering lucrative black economic empowerment (BEE) deals."

From
June 19, 2008

We agree that you are black, South African court tells Chinese

Chinese workers sign on at the gold mines of South Africa

The Chinese, who first came to South Africa when gold was discovered in the 1870s, welcomed the ruling

They have already taken over much of the continent’s economy. Now they have gone one step farther. The Chinese in South Africa were officially declared “black” yesterday.

In a landmark ruling the Pretoria High Court accepted the Chinese as a “previously disadvantaged” group. This means that – at least in legal terms – Chinese South Africans will now be included in the definition of black people in legislation covering lucrative black economic empowerment (BEE) deals.

The controversial BEE policy, under which large companies have to surrender a percentage of their equity to black-run entities, is aimed at reversing decades of apartheid bias. It covers Africans, Coloureds (mixed-race people) and Indians but has been criticised widely as a politically correct form of theft by ruling party cronies.

Under white minority rule the Chinese were classified as Coloureds. In a decision that illustrated the difficulty of applying racial segregation Japanese people were given “honorary white” status – partly because they were wealthier and fewer in number than the Chinese.

When the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act and the Employment Equity Act, the two BEE legislative pillars, were adopted, the Chinese were left out and claimed that they had been discriminated against twice – first by the whites, now by the blacks.

The ruling yesterday is the culmination of an eight-year struggle by the Chinese Association of South Africa (Casa) to obtain clarity from the Government as to the status of Chinese people since the end of white rule in 1994. Patric Chong, the chairman of Casa, said: “As Chinese South Africans we were officially classified as ‘Coloured’ and suffered under the same discriminatory laws prior to 1994. The logical inference was thus that Chinese South Africans would automatically qualify for the same benefits as the ‘Coloured’ group, post1994. This was not the case and Chinese South Africans suffered a second round of unfair discrimination.”

None of the government departments, cited as respondents in the case brought by CASA, opposed the application.

The first Chinese came to South Africa in the 1870s after gold was discovered. They remain one of the most politically marginalised and separate communities in South Africa today. Critics maintain that the community, which numbers several thousand, wanted to use a legal loophole to board the BEE bandwagon.

Suspicion of China has grown in the past decade as its influence on the continent has increased. Trade between Africa and China has risen to more than £20 billion since 2000. South Africa is China’s largest African trading partner. In 1990 bilateral trade was worth £750 million. Today it stands at more than £3 billion.

Many commentators fear it is a one-way relationship, in which China takes advantage of corrupt leaders to clinch deals that are not in the long-term interests of Africa. Others point to the willingness of China to sell arms and overlook human rights abuses.

The lawyers for Casa welcomed the court ruling, saying that for the first time in years Chinese South Africans had a firm legal status in society.

Chinese in South Africa

47 million Population of South Africa

20,000 Estimated number of people with Chinese origins

63,000 Chinese labourers who were sent to revive the South African gold mines in 1904

Sources: Colour, Confusion and Concessions: The History of the Chinese in South Africa by Melanie Yap and Dianne Leong Man

Monday, February 9, 2009

Atlanta cracking down on "Saggy Pants"

Apparently in the midst of one of the worst economic conditions in modern times, the city of Atlanta is demonstrating its ability to focus on the immediate problems by raising the issue of exposed underpants to the public attention. Currently the city is about to put up legislation that would make wearing baggy pants illegal.
Whereas, the dress fad of wearing log hanging/saggy pants which expose one's underwear is becoming a major concern for communities, cities, and states around the country [. . .]

(a) It shall be unlawful for any person to appear in public wearing pants below the waist which exposes the skin or undergarments.

(b) Any person convicted of violating the provisions of this section shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $100.00 plus up to eight hours of work on the public streets of the city
FULL TEXT of the proposition
http://apps.atlantaga.gov/citycouncil/2007/Images/Proposed/07o1800.pdf